Mirrors for 2013 BMW 740i
Categories
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Intake
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Console
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Control Modules
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Door
- Front Seat Components
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Components
- Inner Structure
- Inner Structure & Rails
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Door
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Diesel Components
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Entertainment System Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mount Lamps
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- Lane Departure Warning
- License Lamps
- Liftgate
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Navigation System Components
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Power Seats
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Door
- Rear Seat Belts
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Cooler
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Turbocharger & Components
- Valve Train Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Electrical Connectors
- Evaporator Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Heater Components
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Housing & Components
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Control Modules
- Front Axle & Carrier
- Front Suspension
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Axle
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Ride Control Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Valves
- Wheels & Trim
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Intake
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Console
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Control Modules
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Door
- Front Seat Components
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Components
- Inner Structure
- Inner Structure & Rails
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Door
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Diesel Components
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Entertainment System Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mount Lamps
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- Lane Departure Warning
- License Lamps
- Liftgate
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Navigation System Components
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Power Seats
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Door
- Rear Seat Belts
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Cooler
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Turbocharger & Components
- Valve Train Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Electrical Connectors
- Evaporator Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Heater Components
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Housing & Components
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Control Modules
- Front Axle & Carrier
- Front Suspension
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Axle
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Ride Control Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Valves
- Wheels & Trim
Browse Categories
Select category
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Intake
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Console
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Control Modules
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Door
- Front Seat Components
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Components
- Inner Structure
- Inner Structure & Rails
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Door
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Diesel Components
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Entertainment System Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mount Lamps
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- Lane Departure Warning
- License Lamps
- Liftgate
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Navigation System Components
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Power Seats
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Door
- Rear Seat Belts
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Cooler
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Turbocharger & Components
- Valve Train Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Electrical Connectors
- Evaporator Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Heater Components
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Housing & Components
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Control Modules
- Front Axle & Carrier
- Front Suspension
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Axle
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Ride Control Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Valves
- Wheels & Trim
- Aero Ground Effects & Body Kits
- Air Intake
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bumper
- Bumper & Components - Front
- Bumper & Components - Rear
- Center Console
- Cluster & Switches
- Console
- Control Cables
- Control Modules
- Cowl
- Dashboard
- Decals & Emblems
- Door & Components
- Doors
- Ducts
- Exterior Trim - Front Door
- Exterior Trim - Pillars
- Exterior Trim - Rear Door
- Exterior Trim - Trunk
- Fender & Components
- Fenders
- Floor
- Frame
- Front Door
- Front Seat Components
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass - Front Door
- Glass - Rear Door
- Glass - Windshield
- Glass & Hardware - Back
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Glove Box
- Grille
- Grille & Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hood
- Hood & Components
- Horns
- Information Labels
- Inner Components
- Inner Structure
- Inner Structure & Rails
- Instrument Panel
- Instrument Panel Components
- Interior Trim - Front Door
- Interior Trim - Pillars
- Interior Trim - Quarter Panels
- Interior Trim - Rear Body
- Interior Trim - Rear Door
- Interior Trim - Trunk
- Labels
- Lid & Components
- Lock & Hardware
- Master Cylinder - Components On Dash Panel
- Mirrors
- Outside Mirrors
- Quarter Panel
- Quarter Panel & Components
- Radiator Support
- Rear Body
- Rear Door
- Rear Floor & Rails
- Rear Seat Components
- Rocker
- Rocker Panel
- Roof
- Seat Belt
- Seats
- Sensors
- Sound System
- Splash Shields
- Steering Wheel
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tracks & Components
- Truck Box
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Uniside
- Universal
- Wiper & Washer Components
- ABS Components
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Brake Components
- Brake Hydraulics
- Control Modules
- Disc Pads & Brake Shoes
- Drums & Rotors
- Front Brakes
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Hoses & Pipes
- Hydraulic System
- Parking Brake
- Rear Brakes
- Sensors
- Service Kits
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Universal
- ABS Components
- Air Bag Components
- Air Bag System
- Alarm System
- Alternator
- Alternator/Generator & Related Components
- Antenna & Radio
- Anti-Theft Components
- Anti-Theft System
- Battery
- Battery & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bulbs - Chassis
- Control Modules
- Diesel Components
- Doors
- Electrical Components
- Electrical Connectors
- Electrical Sockets
- Entertainment System Components
- Flasher Units, Fuses, & Circuit Breakers
- Fog Lamps
- Front Door
- Front Seat Belts
- Fuel Door
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Glass, Windows & Related Components
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Headlamp Components
- Headlamp Washers/Wipers
- Heated Seats
- High Mount Lamps
- Horn
- Ignition Lock
- Ignition System
- Instruments & Gauges
- Keyless Entry Components
- Lane Departure Warning
- License Lamps
- Liftgate
- Lighting - Exterior
- Lighting - Interior
- Mobile Multi-Media
- Navigation System
- Navigation System Components
- Parking Aid
- Power Outlets
- Power Seats
- Powertrain Control
- Rear Door
- Rear Seat Belts
- Senders
- Sensors
- Side Repeater Lamps
- Starter
- Starter & Related Components
- Steering Column
- Sunroof
- Switches
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Tail Lamps
- Tire Pressure Monitor Components
- Trunk
- Trunk Lid & Compartment
- Washer Components
- Wipers
- Air Intake
- Bearings
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Control Modules
- Cylinder Block Components
- Engine
- Engine & Trans Mounting
- Engine Appearance Cover
- Engine Parts
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Mounts
- Oil Cooler
- Oil Pan
- Oil Pump
- Pumps
- Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Turbocharger & Components
- Valve Train Components
- A/C Accumulator/Receiver Drier
- A/C Clutch & Compressor
- A/C Condenser & Evaporator
- A/C Flow Restrictors
- Automatic Temperature Controls
- Blower Motor & Fan
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Condenser, Compressor & Lines
- Control Modules
- Controls
- Electrical Connectors
- Evaporator Components
- Filters
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Heater
- Heater Components
- Hoses & Pipes
- HVAC Case
- Motors, Core, Case & Related Components
- Sensors
- Switches & Sensors
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Temperature Controls & Related Components
- Wire, Cable & Related Components
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Control Modules
- Gaskets & Sealing Systems
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Housing & Components
- P/S Pump & Hoses
- Power Steering Hoses, Pumps, & Related Components
- Pump & Hoses
- Sensors
- Shroud, Switches & Levers
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear & Linkage
- Steering Wheel
- Steering Wheel & Trim
- Steering, Gear & Related Components
- Switches, Solenoids & Actuators
- Axle & Differential
- Brackets, Flanges & Hangers
- Bushings
- Carrier & Front Axles
- Control Modules
- Front Axle & Carrier
- Front Suspension
- Hardware, Fasteners & Fittings
- Rear Axle
- Rear Suspension
- Ride Control
- Ride Control Components
- Shocks & Struts
- Stabilizer Bar & Components
- Struts & Components
- Suspension Components
- Suspension, Springs & Related Components
- Upper Control Arm
- Valves
- Wheels & Trim
Mirrors for 2013 BMW 740i
Related Parts
Part # / Description / Price
M Performance Carbon Fiber Mirror Cap Set 
BMW
BMW These high-quality mirror covers are handmade using a carbon fiber weaving process and are clear coated to protect them from discoloration caused by UV rays. These carbon fiber mirror caps provide an easy way to customize your and accentuate its sporty characteristics.
Carbon Fiber Mirror Cap - Left BMW
BMW These high-quality mirror covers are handmade using a carbon fiber weaving process and are clear coated to protect them from discoloration caused by UV rays. These carbon fiber mirror caps provide an easy way to customize your and accentuate its sporty characteristics.